design

Make the work precise. Design the interfaces and contracts, name the exact files and signatures, and define the architecture and its trade-offs. Specify how each unit of work will be verified.

Favor stable interfaces and the simplest design that meets the requirements. Don't over-build — every element of the design must trace to a requirement.

What a design contains

• Interfaces and contracts — the boundaries between parts and what crosses them.
• Exact files and signatures — name them; leave no ambiguity for whoever builds.
• Trade-offs — the alternatives you considered and why you chose this one.
• Verification — a test or typecheck command for each unit of work.

Principles

Design for high cohesion (each module does one thing) and low coupling (modules depend on each other's interfaces, never their internals). Apply information hiding — put each likely-to-change decision behind an interface — so change stays local. Stable interfaces over clever internals; the simplest design that satisfies the requirements wins. Definitions: ../../GLOSSARY.md.

Architectural design

For system-wide structure — not just one module — make the architecture explicit:

• Stakeholders & concerns — who the design must satisfy (users, operators, security) and what each needs.
• Views — describe the system from the angles that matter: logical (modules and responsibilities), runtime (processes and data flow), deployment (where it runs). A diagram or a few lines each.
• Architecturally-significant decisions — the choices hard to reverse or that drive a quality attribute (performance, security, scalability). Record each as an ADR (see documentation-and-adrs).
• Tradeoff analysis — for each significant decision, list the options and score them against the quality attributes that matter, then pick with rationale rather than by default.